European Journal of Anatomy

Official Journal of The Spanish Society of Anatomy
Cover Volume 23 - Number 3
Eur J Anat, 23 (3): 201-213 (2019)

Analysis of the therapeutic role of platelet-rich plasma against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats: controversy between oxidative and apoptotic markers

Soheir H. El-Sharouny1, Ayman A. El Enein Rizk1,2, Laila A. Rashed1, Walaa M. Sayed1, Mohammed D.-A. Abd Elmoneam1

1Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt, 2Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine (Rabigh), King Abdul-Aziz University (KAU), Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT Cisplatin is a potent chemotherapeutic agent used to treat a variety of cancers such as ovarian, uterine, and bladder. The major limiting side effect of cisplatin is its hepatotoxicity. The possible mechanism of cisplatin hepatotoxicity was due to the affection of oxidant-antioxidant system. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has a powerful therapeutic option for its ability to deliver a great variety of biologically active GFs to the site of injury. PRP has grown as an attractive biologic instrument in regenerative medicine for its powerful healing properties. It is considered as a source of growth factors that may induce tissue repairing and improve fibrosis. This product has proven its efficacy in multiple studies, but its effect on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity has not yet been elucidated. The present study was designed to analyze the therapeutic role of PRP in cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity. 30 adult male adult male albino rats were used in the present study divided into 3 groups (control group, cisplatin-treated group and PRP-treated group). By the end of the experimental period, blood samples were collected for measurement of serum AST, ALT and ALP enzymes; then the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Fresh liver parts were used to measure the oxidative markers in liver homogenates, while other parts were processed and subjected for histopathological and histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses for VEGF, Caspase 3 expression of the different experimental groups. The statistical study was done for the resultant data. Group II (Cisplatin-treated group) showed marked pathological hepatic changes; loss of architecture, congested dilated sinusoids lined by darkly stained pyknotic Kupffer cells; and hepatocytes nuclei were pyknotic and karyolitic. Dilated congested portal vein, interstitial acidophilic exudate, marked polymorphic cellular infiltration. There were increased collagen fibers deposition, a weak positive PAS reaction, strong positive caspase 3 reactions and strong positive VEGF reaction. Also, there were a marked increase in hepatic enzymes, MDA levels and a marked decrease in GSH level. Treatment with PRP in Group III revealed improvement of the hepatic parenchymal architecture with strong PAS reaction and minimal collagen fibers deposition. Weak positive caspase immunoreaction and strong positive VEGF reaction were noticed. Also, there was a marked improvement in the parameter of hepatic enzymes, MDA and GSH level comparable with the control group. It is concluded that PRP could ameliorate the liver against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity.

Keywords: Cisplatin â?? Liver â?? PRP â?? Oxidative markers â?? Caspase 3 â?? VEGF

European Journal of anatomy
ISSN 2340-311X (Online)